Dab tsi yog txheej txheem ntws ntawm titanium khoom?

Cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) Sib tsoo cov titanium ore rau hauv ore hmoov nrog Raymond zeb, cua cheb zeb, pob zeb, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Decompose cov hmoov ore nrog concentrated sulfuric acid kom soluble TiOSO4 tov. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm cov kua qaub decomposition, feem ntau ntawm cov impurities nyob rau hauv lub ore hmoov kuj decomposed, generating tus coj soluble sulphate, thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov tshuaj ua ke nrog soluble ntsev ntawm titanium thaum leaching, tsim dub titanium tov. Txhawm rau kom tshem tawm cov hlau zoo, nrog cov hlau hlau hauv titanium tov ntawm high-valent hlau txo rau ferrous hlau, tib lub sij hawm, kom tsis txhob muaj lwm yam oxidation ntawm ferrous hlau, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj ntawm cov hlau hlau. quantitative tetravalent titanium txo mus rau trivalent titanium.
(3) Cov tshuaj titanium dub (TiOSO4 tov) muaj cov dej tsis huv thiab cov dej tsis huv. Feem ntau ntawm cov insoluble impurities, xws li undecomposed titanium ore, xuab zeb, thiab lwm yam los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm tej yam ntuj tso sedimentation. Insoluble impurities nyob rau hauv lwm qhov ntawm cov colloidal compounds ntawm silicon thiab txhuas, nrog rau qee qhov thaum ntxov hydrolysis ntawm titanium, txawm tias tus naj npawb tsis loj, tab sis muaj lub zog siab ruaj khov, yuav tsum tau ntxiv lwm tus neeg sawv cev, ntxiv dag zog rau kev sib hais haum thiab txheej txheem qhia meej. Hlau, vanadium, chromium, manganese thiab lwm yam hlau sulphates yog soluble impurities, tshem tawm nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm crystallisation los yog hydrolysis, dej ntxuav.
(4) Tom qab purification thiab kev sib haum xeeb ntawm cov sludge kuj muaj ntau cov soluble thiab insoluble titanium, thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej cov yield, siv lub phaj thiab thav duab lim xovxwm rov qab feem ntau ntawm cov titanium yuav yaj, insoluble titanium thiab lwm yam. insoluble impurities raws li pov tseg slag paug.
(5) cov kua dub titanium muaj ntau cov Fe2+, vim hlau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau cov xim ntawm titanium dioxide, yog li nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. FeSO4 solubility cuam tshuam zoo heev los ntawm qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm titanium kua, solubility ntawm FeSO4 nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias txo. Hauv cov txheej txheem no, FeSO4- 7H2O crystals feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev crystallisation thiab khov crystallisation, thiab tom qab ntawd FeSO4- 7H2O yog cov kua-kua sib cais los ntawm disc lim lossis centrifuge kom tshem tawm ntau ntawm Fe{{ 9}} hauv cov kua titanium dub.
(6) Tseem muaj qee qhov tshem tawm impurities hauv titanium kua tom qab teeb tsa, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov xim ntawm cov khoom tiav. Yog li ntawd, zoo filtration yog tsim nyog. Kev siv phaj thiab thav duab lim xovxwm, thiab charcoal hmoov (los yog lub ntiaj teb diatomaceous, perlite) ua ib qho kev pab lim rau lub lim xovxwm, kev siv cov hmoov nplej hmoov muaj zog adsorption ntxiv tshem tawm cov impurities insoluble hauv titanium kua, kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm ua kom huv.
(7) Concentration yog ua kom cov concentration ntawm titanium kua rau qhov Performance index xav tau rau hydrolysis. Cov ntsiab lus kub ntawm cov tshuaj titanium yog siab, uas twb tau siab dua qhov kub thiab txias ntawm titanium tov hydrolysis, yog li ntawd, cov concentration ntawm titanium tov yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Kev siv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev boiling point txo lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, titanium kua boiling nyob rau hauv qis kub, titanium kua dej evaporation, thiaj li hais tias cov concentration ntawm titanium kua tom qab zoo filtration yuav tsum tau nce kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm hydrolysis.
(8) The hydrolysis of titanium liquid is the process of titanium dioxide from liquid phase (titanium liquid) to solid phase. Titanium liquid has the nature of a common ionic solution, in the pH>0.5 thaum lub hydrolysis tshwm sim. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, cov kua titanium muaj cov khoom ntawm cov tshuaj colloidal. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm siab dawb acid, hydrolysis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kuj yuav tshwm sim yog hais tias nws yog khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub boiling lub xeev, uas yog lub hauv paus rau peb tsim hydrated titanium dioxide nrog tej yam kev siv zog thiab cov khoom khoom. Los ntawm kev tswj tus nqi ntawm cua sov, titanium kua yuav hydrolysed raws li qhov yuav tsum tau hydrolysis tus nqi los tsim cov hydrated titanium dioxide hais peb xav tau.
(9) Cov hydrated titanium dioxide tom qab hydrolysis muaj sulfuric acid thiab ions xws li hlau, txhuas, manganese, tooj liab, npib tsib xee, vanadium, txhuas, thiab lwm yam. Cov ions no yuav tsim cov oxides sib xws tom qab calcination, nthuav tawm ntau yam xim, yog li paug. cov khoom sib txawv, thiab yog li yuav tsum tau ntxuav kom tshem tawm lawv. Hydrated titanium dioxide yog insoluble nyob rau hauv dej, thaum sulfuric acid thiab hlau, txhuas, manganese, tooj liab, npib tsib xee, vanadium, txhuas thiab lwm yam ions yog soluble nyob rau hauv dej, uas yog ib tug prerequisite rau ntxuav dej, siv dej ntxuav thiab hydrated titanium dioxide. nyob rau hauv lub concentration ntawm impurity ions nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov impurity dej kom tshem tawm cov dej. Cov txheej txheem ntxuav yog tsuas yog los tiv thaiv cov dej tsis huv hauv cov dej tsis huv hauv cov dej tsis huv, yog li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau thiab lwm yam khoom tsis huv hauv cov dej ntxhua khaub ncaws muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau ua, thiaj li tsis txhob cia cov impurities nyob rau hauv hydrated titanium dioxide ntawm tsub zuj zuj thiab paug. ntawm cov khoom.
(10) calcined crystal noob npaj los ntawm kev ntxuav ntawm tsim nyog titanium dioxide slurry coj mus rau ib feem ntawm cov titanium dioxide slurry, tom qab ntsuas mus koom lub alkali tank thiab tom qab ntsuas los koom cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lye, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm alkali soluble khoom tom qab. txias nrog demineralised dej ntxuav, ntxuav cov khoom tsim nyog alkali soluble tom qab unloading slurry xa mus rau lub crystal noob npaj tank, yaj nyob rau hauv hydrochloric acid calcined crystal noob, thiab ces pumped mus rau lub calcined siv lead ua noob metering tank nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem bleaching ntxiv. Tom qab ntawd nws yog pumped mus rau calcined crystal noob metering tank thiab ntxiv rau hauv cov txheej txheem bleaching.
(11) Tom qab ntxuav ntawm titanium dioxide, nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam concentration, ntxiv ib tug ruaj khov sulfuric acid, thiaj li hais tias ib feem ntawm titanium dioxide thiab concentrated sulfuric acid cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los tsim titanium sulfate, thiab ces ntxiv txhuas hmoov, titanium sulfate. Nyob rau hauv titanium sulfate ntawm titanium tetravalent txo rau titanium trivalent, kom muaj ib tug tej yam concentration ntawm trivalent titanium nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tom qab lub bleaching txheej txheem, yuav tsum tau oxidized nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm dej ntxuav ntawm hlau ions thiab lwm yam hlau ntsiab nyob rau hauv luv nqi hlau ions. , thiab tom qab ntawd kev ntxuav dej thib ob Tom qab ntawd kev ntxuav thib ob yog ua kom cov titanium dioxide ntxuav ntau dua.
(12) Tom qab ob qho kev ntxuav ntawm titanium dioxide nyob rau hauv calcination ua ntej yuav tsum tau ntxiv ntau hom additives los xyuas kom meej tias nyob rau hauv lub calcination txheej txheem, qhov kub thiab txias yog tsim nyog, lub sab hauv hloov yog du, thiaj li hais tias cov khoom tiav ntawm titanium dioxide yuav tswj. ib tug ruaj khov grain loj thiab zoo, thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej tias cov titanium dioxide cov khoom muaj ib tug zoo xim, gloss, zoo colouring zog, npog lub hwj chim, tsis tshua muaj roj nqus thiab haum, zoo dispersion nyob rau hauv kev siv xov xwm.
(13) Calcination yog tshem tawm cov dej dawb, dej ua ke, sulfur trioxide, thiab lwm yam los ntawm hydrated titanium dioxide los ntawm cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev qhuav dej, desulfurisation, siv lead ua transformation, thiab lwm yam, thiab tom qab ntawd ua tiav qhov tiav thiab hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv lead ua hauv. thaj chaw kub siab kom tau txais cov khoom siv granular ntawm anatase lossis rutile titanium dioxide thawj cov khoom.
(14) Kev sib tsoo yog txhawm rau txhuam cov khoom siv ntawm titanium dioxide thawj cov khoom, feem ntau yog siv Raymond zeb, cov menyuam zeb thiab lwm yam. Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv Raymond zeb, los ntawm kev sib hloov ceev ntawm lub zeb yob thiab qhov cuam tshuam ntawm lub nplhaib sib tsoo, sai sai yuav crushed, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev faib cov khoom sib cais, cov khoom ntxhib rov qab mus rau hauv chav crushing, cov khoom zoo rau hauv lub hnab lim, los ntawm lub hnub qub nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv mus rau hauv lub kauv feeder, xa mus rau lub crushed khoom rau hauv. Cov khoom siv rutile lossis cov khoom tsis muaj rutile yog cov khoom tiav tom qab ntim, thiab cov khoom siv rutile coated yuav tsum tau ua tiav.
(15) xuab zeb zeb (ntub sib tsoo) yuav sib npaug sib npaug titanium dioxide slurry pumped rau hauv cov xuab zeb zeb sib tsoo, sib tsoo thiab dispersion ntawm tsim nyog slurry pumped rau saum npoo kho tank.

(16) nyob rau hauv lub tank kho deg, raws li cov khoom sib txawv, kev ntsuas kom ntxiv ntau yam sib txawv inorganic nto kho tus neeg saib xyuas, tswj txoj kev ntxiv, slurry kub thiab pH nqi, kom cov inorganic nto kho tus neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv daim ntawv. ntawm txheej txheej ntawm titanium dioxide hais, kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhim kho daim ntawv thov ntawm titanium dioxide.
(17) Ntxuav cov khoom siv kho qhov chaw nrog dej demineralised kom tshem tawm cov ntsev. Tom qab ntxuav cov khoom tsim nyog titanium dioxide lim ncuav mog qab zib raug xa mus rau lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws, cov lim dej tau muab tso rau hauv cov txheej txheem calcining raws li kev ntxuav dej thiab rov ua cov txheej txheem rau pulping tom qab rov qab lim cov titanium dioxide.
(18) Cov tshuaj ntxuav thiab tsim nyog slurry raug xa mus rau lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom qhuav tom qab xovxwm pom. Cov hmoov qhuav qhuav nrog cov cua kub kub rau hauv lub hnab kub kub lim kom rov qab TiO2, cov hmoov qhuav los ntawm cov khoom siv airflow xa mus rau chav hmoov ua ntej lub silo, tso tawm los ntawm cov cua ntsawj ntshab ntxuam tawm.
(19) Tom qab ziab, cov khoom raug xa mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob los ntawm lub tshuab ntsuas lub tshuab, nrog cov cua kub superheated raws li qhov nruab nrab crushing, cov khoom yog crushed nyob rau hauv lub high-speed chav khiav thiab khaus kev sib tsoo, cov khoom crushed nkag mus rau high- Lub hnab ntim kub nrog cov siv chav, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv titanium dioxide tau muab cais rau hauv cov khoom tiav silo, thiab cov khoom tiav raug xa mus rau lub tsev muag khoom tiav los ntawm qhov hnyav thiab ntim los ntawm lub tshuab ntim khoom. Cov pa siv yog txias los ntawm lub condenser nrog cov dej txias, ib feem ntawm cov vapor yog condensate thiab cov condensate rov qab los ntawm cov vapor-kua separator, thiab cov pa pa tawm los ntawm cov kiv cua kub. Lub condensate nkag mus rau hauv lub tank condensate, thiab lub twj tso kua mis condensate xa mus rau qhov thib ob los yog thib peb txheej txheem ntxuav kom sov cov dej ntxuav.