Biomedical Titanium Alloy Cov Khoom Siv thiab Kev Siv

Titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv rau biomedical daim ntaub ntawv yog ib chav kawm ntawm kev ua hauj lwm cov ntaub ntawv uas siv nyob rau hauv biomedical engineering, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev tsim thiab tsim ntawm kev phais implants thiab orthopedic li. Kev tsim thiab kev npaj ntawm titanium alloys suav nrog metallurgy, kev ua haujlwm siab, cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw thiab kev lag luam tshuaj, thiab tau lees paub tias yog cov khoom siv high-tech hauv ntiaj teb. Titanium thiab titanium alloys maj mam nkag mus rau hauv pej xeem cov neeg siv khoom los ntawm kev lag luam aerospace, aviation thiab tiv thaiv kev lag luam. Xws li kev kho mob kev lag luam cog qoob loo, khoom siv kho mob; Kev ua si thiab kev lom zem kev lag luam titanium golf clubs thiab titanium eyeglass thav ntawv, titanium watches, titanium tsheb kauj vab thiab lwm yam khoom, qhov kev thov rau titanium ua cov ntaub ntawv yog nce. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm biotechnology thiab kev tawg loj, biomedical hlau cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov khoom lag luam yuav txhim kho mus rau hauv kev lag luam pillar ntawm kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb. Ntawm lawv, titanium thiab nws cov alloys nrog lub teeb yuag, tsis tshua muaj modulus elasticity, tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj hlau nplaum, corrosion kuj, siab zog, zoo toughness thiab lwm yam zoo heev kev ua tau zoo, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, qhov kev thov rau kev loj hlob sai thiab ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, raws li titanium alloys pib nkag mus rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm orthopedics thiab lwm yam kev xav tau ntawm kev lag luam tshiab, yav tom ntej ntawm titanium alloys kev lag luam yuav tshwm sim sai dua.
1 Kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob titanium alloy
1.1 Kev faib tawm ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloy
Titanium alloys tuaj yeem muab faib ua 3 pawg raws li hom microstructure ntawm cov khoom: -type, + -hom thiab -type titanium alloys.
1.2 Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloy
Cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb pom tias cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws thiab cov kws tshawb fawb pom zoo tias kev txhim kho ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloys tau dhau los ntawm peb theem iconic, thawj theem yog sawv cev los ntawm ntshiab titanium thiab Ti-6Al-4V alloy; theem ob yog sawv cev los ntawm cov tshiab + alloy nrog Ti-5A1-2.5Fe, Ti-6A1-7Nb; theem peb yog kev txhim kho ntawm + alloys nrog zoo biocompatibility thiab qis elastic modulus; Qhov thib peb theem yog tsim cov + alloy nrog zoo biocompatibility thiab qis elastic modulus. thiab qis elastic modulus -titanium alloys. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws biomedical titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum ua raws li cov hauv qab no: biocompatibility zoo, tsis tshua muaj modulus ntawm elasticity, tsis tshua muaj ceev, zoo corrosion kuj, non-toxicity, siab yield zog, ntev qaug zog lub neej, loj yas nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, yooj yim tsim, yooj yim casting. . Cov alloys tseem ceeb uas tau siv dav hauv cov khoom cog yog Ti-6A1-4V thiab Ti-6A1-4VELI. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hais tias V lub ntsiab lus tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg malignant, uas tej zaum yuav muaj kev phiv tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub cev, thiab Al tuaj yeem ua rau mob pob txha thiab mob hlwb thiab lwm yam kab mob; txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb biomaterials tam sim no tau cog lus los tshawb nrhiav thiab tshawb fawb cov biomedical titanium alloys tshiab uas tsis muaj V thiab Al. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb biomaterials tam sim no tau cog lus rau kev tshawb nrhiav thiab tshawb fawb cov khoom siv tshiab biomaterials uas tsis muaj V, Al titanium alloys rau kev kho mob, thiab ua ntej nws yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab seb hom alloying zoo li cas rau kev ntxiv cov khoom tsis yog. - tshuaj lom thiab biocompatible. Nws tau pom tias titanium alloys muaj cov khoom tsis muaj tshuaj lom xws li molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, thiab lwm yam. muaj cov ntsiab lus siab dua ntawm cov ntsiab lus ruaj khov, thiab piv nrog + titanium alloys, lawv muaj qis dua modulus ntawm elasticity (E {{ 19}} ~ 80GPa) ntxiv rau cov khoom shear zoo thiab toughness, uas yog tsim nyog rau implantation rau hauv tib neeg lub cev raws li ib tug cog.

2 Kev siv ntawm titanium alloy
2.1 Kev kho mob hauv paus ntawm titanium alloy
Qhov zoo ntawm kev siv titanium thiab titanium alloys raws li tib neeg kev cog qoob loo feem ntau yog: (1) ntom (20 degree)=4.5g / cm3, lub teeb yuag. Implanted nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev: txo cov tib neeg lub cev load, raws li ib tug kho mob cov cuab yeej: kom txo tau cov kev khiav hauj lwm load ntawm cov neeg kho mob. (2) Tsawg modulus ntawm elasticity, ntshiab titanium yog 108,500MPa, implanted nyob rau hauv lub cev: ze rau tib neeg lub cev lub ntuj pob txha, ua rau cov pob txha grafting, kom txo tau qhov kev nyuaj siab shielding nyhuv ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov cog. (3) Tsis muaj hlau nplaum, tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm electromagnetic teb thiab thunderstorms, uas yog qhov zoo rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev tom qab siv. (4) Tsis muaj tshuaj lom, tsis muaj tshuaj lom rau tib neeg lub cev raws li kev cog qoob loo. (5) corrosion kuj (bio-inert hlau cov ntaub ntawv), zoo heev corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig ntawm tib neeg cov ntshav immersion, kom ntseeg tau zoo compatibility nrog tib neeg cov ntshav thiab cellular ntaub so ntswg, vim hais tias cov cog tsis ua rau tib neeg kis kab mob, kev tsis haum tshuaj yuav tsis tshwm sim. yog lub hauv paus rau daim ntawv thov ntawm titanium thiab titanium alloy tej yam kev mob. (6) lub zog muaj zog, zoo toughness, vim muaj kev raug mob, qog thiab lwm yam ua rau cov pob txha, pob qij txha puas, thiaj li yuav tsim kom muaj kev txhawb nqa pob txha, yuav tsum tau siv nrog kev pab los ntawm cov phaj nkhaus, screws, pob txha thiab pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam, cov implants no yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub cev ntev, yuav raug rau tib neeg lub cev bending, twisting, extrusion, nqaij contraction thiab lwm yam luag hauj lwm, qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm implants nrog siab zog thiab toughness.

2.2 Kev kho mob thiab orthopedic teb ntawm titanium alloys
Kev lag luam xwm txheej nrog kev txhim kho ntawm titanium alloys, titanium ntau yam thiab txo tus nqi, kev siv titanium hauv kev lag luam pej xeem tau nce exponentially. CFDA yuav muab faib ua peb pawg ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob raws li lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm qhov siab mus rau qis, thiab raws li peb theem ntawm tsoomfwv kev saib xyuas thiab kev tswj hwm, titanium thiab titanium alloy cov ntaub ntawv cog qoob loo yog cov khoom siv kho mob thib peb, thiab tus nqi siab. chav kawm consumables. Sub-segment kev lag luam feem ntau tshaj li 5% ntawm kev lag luam sub, suav nrog hauv vitro kuaj mob, mob plawv, kuaj pom, orthopedics, ophthalmology, orthopedics rau qhov loj. Ntawm lawv, kev kuaj mob hauv vitro, orthopedics thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub plawv yog qhov nrawm tshaj plaws uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv Suav teb. Daim ntawv thov ntawm biomedical titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau dhau los ntawm peb qhov chaw tseem ceeb: daim ntawv thov thaum ntxov ntawm xyoo 1950, thawj zaug hauv tebchaws United Kingdom thiab Tebchaws Meskas, kev lag luam ntshiab titanium tau siv los tsim cov pob txha daim hlau, screws, intramedullary rau tes thiab pob qij txha. . Swiss Mathys kuj tau siv Ti-6A1-7Nb alloy los tsim cov tshuab tsis siv tshuaj tua kab mob (xws li tibia, humerus, femur) thiab hollow screws rau kev kho mob ntawm femoral caj dab tawg. Porous Ni-Ti (PNT) alloy bioactive khoom tsim tsev menyuam, lumbar interbody fusion (Cage) Canada BIORTHEX lub tuam txhab tsim kev siv cov ntxeem tau Ni-Ti alloy patented khoom ACTIPOREORE gamma manufacturing tsev menyuam, lumbar interbody fusion rau orthopedic spinal raug mob. Tus tshiab beta titanium alloy tuaj yeem coj mus rau hauv tus account orthopedics, kho hniav thiab vascular cuam tshuam thiab lwm yam kev siv cov khoom siv kho mob orthopedic kev lag luam suav txog ntau dua 9% ntawm cov khoom siv kho mob thoob ntiaj teb, thiab tseem nyob hauv kev loj hlob sai. Cov khoom siv kho mob orthopedic kev lag luam tau muab faib ua plaub ntu tseem ceeb ntawm kev raug mob, sib koom tes, txha nraub qaum thiab lwm yam. Ntawm lawv, kev raug mob tsuas yog ntu uas tsis tau ua los ntawm cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws los tuav lub lag luam loj, feem ntau vim tias cov khoom lag luam hauv daim teb no yog cov thev naus laus zis, yooj yim rau kev xyaum, tsis yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam, thiab ntau qhov thib ob thiab thib peb. -theem tsev kho mob tuaj yeem nqa tau, yog li cov tuam txhab txawv teb chaws tsis tuaj yeem them tag nrho. Cov khoom raug mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom siv kho mob sab hauv thiab cov khoom kho sab nraud, cov khoom siv kho mob sab hauv nrog rau cov ntsia hlau intramedullary, daim hlau thiab cov ntsia hlau, thiab lwm yam. Hauv xyoo 2012, kev raug mob suav txog 34% ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev orthopedic, 28% ntawm cov pob qij txha, 20% ntawm tus txha caj qaum, thiab 18% ntawm lwm tus. Cov pob qij txha loj yog cov khoom siv kho mob siab kawg nrog cov txheej txheem siab. Tam sim no, cov tsev kho mob tseem ceeb feem ntau yog xa cov khoom siv orthopedic, thiab tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws ntawm cov cuab yeej technology, tsim, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov txheej txheem kho saum npoo. Artificial pob qij txha feem ntau yog categorized rau hauv lub hauv caug dag, lub duav, lub luj tshib, lub xub pwg nyom, ntiv tes thiab ntiv taw pob qij txha, thiab lwm yam, ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kev sib koom tes hloov xws li lub duav thiab lub hauv caug pob qij txha, uas ua ke account rau ntau tshaj 95% ntawm lub ntiaj teb no sib koom ua lag luam. . Spinal implant devices xws li thoracolumbar spine nail plate system, cervical spinal ntsia thawv phaj system thiab fusion system, thiab lwm yam, ntawm cov intervertebral fusion system feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho mob ntawm intervertebral disc hloov, uas tseem yog ntu tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, suav txog li ib nrab. ntawm tag nrho cov txha caj qaum kev lag luam.
Kev ua tau zoo tshaj ntawm titanium alloys tau ua rau lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob. Cov khoom siv tsim thiab kev npaj thev naus laus zis ntawm titanium alloys tau tsim sai heev nrog kev ua tiav hauv biotechnology thiab kev thov loj rau kev siv kho mob. Cov tam sim no tsim kho mob titanium alloys mas yog + hom titanium alloys. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov txheej txheem kev npaj, kev tsim khoom ntawm TC4 (TC4ELI) tam sim no tuav lub lag luam tseem ceeb. -type titanium alloys tau dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb hotspot ntawm kev kho mob tshiab titanium alloys vim lawv qhov zoo hauv biocompatibility thiab mechanical compatibility, uas yog cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob cog. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, ntau lawm technology ntawm titanium alloys yuav tsum tau tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm tsawg modulus, siab zog, zoo biocompatibility thiab mechanical compatibility. Los ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, -type titanium alloy yuav dhau los ua kev txhim kho yav tom ntej thiab lub ntsiab ntawm kev kho mob titanium alloy kev lag luam.