Aluminium Alloy Machining Deformation: Ua thiab Tswj Txoj Kev

Vim li cas Aluminium Alloy Parts Deform Thaum Machining

Aluminium alloys yog dav siv rau kho vajtse, tsheb, electronics thiab industrial Cheebtsam, tab sis lawv tsis tshua muaj hardness thiab siab coefficient ntawm thermal expansion ua nyias -walled qhov chaw tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws deformation. Distortion nyob rau hauv ib qho tiav yog yuav luag tsis tshwm sim los ntawm ib qho tseem ceeb; nws yog qhov sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev txiav cov cua sov, qhov seem ntawm qhov kev ntxhov siab hauv qhov khoob, clamping quab yuam thiab cov cuab yeej siv. Kab lus no piav qhia txog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb thiab kev ua haujlwm - sab tswj kev ntsuas uas cov khw CNC siv hauv kev xyaum.

Lub hauv paus ua rau Machining Deformation

Txiav cua sov: txhuas ua cua sov sai tab sis nthuav dav; concentrated cua sov ntawm ib lub ntsej muag bows ib feem sai li sai tau thaum nws txias unevenly.

Kev ntxhov siab nyob hauv qhov khoob: dov thiab extruded aluminium yog xauv - nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab uas tawm tsis sib npaug li cov khoom raug tshem tawm.

Clamping quab yuam: nyias phab ntsa deflect elastically nyob rau hauv clamping thiab lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav rov qab tom qab tso tawm, tawm hauv ib tug machined zoo uas tsis kam rau siab thaum unclamped.

Cov cuab yeej hnav thiab ua tau -nce ntug: ib tug hnav cutter tsa qhov kub thiab txias, tsub kom nto roughness thiab txhawb deformation.

Symmetrical Machining kom ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias

Rau qhov chaw nrog loj machining nyiaj pub dawb, tsis txhob machining ib sab mus rau qhov kawg loj nyob rau hauv ib tug pass. Ua piv txwv, txo cov phaj tuab ntawm 90 hli mus rau 60 hli: milling ib sab tag, ces tig thiab milling rau lwm yam, muab ib tug flatness ntawm tsuas yog 5 hli vim hais tias kub thiab kev nyuaj siab nyem concentrate rau txhua lub ntsej muag nyob rau hauv lem. Machining ob sab nyob rau hauv rov ua dua, alternating dhau mus txog rau thaum kawg qhov ntev yog mus txog txhim kho cua sov dissipation thiab tuav flatness li ntawm 0.3 hli.

Txheej Multi-Pass Machining rau Multi-Cavity Parts

Machining kab noj hniav ib tug tom qab lwm tawm cov kab noj hniav phab ntsa nyob rau hauv uneven kev ntxhov siab thiab caw distortion. Hloov chaw, tshuab tag nrho cov kab noj hniav ua ke hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg: txhua txheej tshem tawm cov khoom ntawm txhua qhov kab noj hniav ua ntej txav mus rau qhov tob tom ntej, yog li kev ntxhov siab tsis sib xws thiab qhov cuam tshuam tsawg dua thaum nws mus txog qhov kawg loj.

Txiav Parameter Xaiv

Qhov tob ntawm kev txiav muaj qhov muaj zog tshaj plaws ntawm kev txiav quab yuam. Txo qhov tob ntawm kev txiav qis qis zog thiab kub tab sis kuj txo cov khoom tsim tau; cov lus teb tus qauv yog siab -ceev milling, qhov me me qhov tob ntawm kev txiav yog ua ke nrog tus nqi pub ntau dua thiab spindle ceev kom cov khoom tshem tawm tus nqi yog khaws cia thaum txiav quab yuam poob. Pub thiab ceev yuav tsum yeej ib txwm sib phim rau lub siab kub, piv txwv li 6061-T6 piv rau 7075-T6, uas coj txawv nyob rau hauv tib yam tsis.

Tool Geometry thiab Tool Structure

Geometry

Rake kaum sab xis: siv lub kaum sab xis loj tshaj plaws uas khaws cia txiav ntug zog; ib tug sharper ntug txo tej deformation thiab tej kub. Zam cov cuab yeej rake tsis zoo.

Lub kaum sab xis: me me rau kev ntxhib los mos (hnyav load, xav tau cua sov dissipation), loj dua rau kev ua tiav kom txo qis kev sib txhuam thiab elastic deformation.

Helix lub kaum sab xis: loj npaum li qhov ua tau zoo rau kev ruaj khov milling thiab qis milling quab yuam.

Lub kaum sab xis txhuas: lub kaum sab xis txo cov hlau lead txhim kho cov cua sov dissipation thiab txo qhov nruab nrab kub hauv cheeb tsam txiav.

Cov qauv thiab ntug kev mob

Siv cov hniav tsawg dua thiab cov nti loj dua; aluminium tsim ntev, ductile chips uas txhaws me gullets. Ib txoj cai raug cai yog ob tug hniav rau cutters nyob rau hauv 20 hli txoj kab uas hla thiab peb cov hniav rau 30-60 hli txoj kab uas hla.

Khaws cov ntug roughness hauv qab Ra 0.4 um; lightly pob zeb ib tug tshiab cutter ua ntej siv kom tshem tawm sharpening burrs.

Tswj kev hnav: hloov lossis ntsuas cov cuab yeej ib zaug flank hnav mus txog 0.2 hli; dhau ntawd, ua - cov ntaub ntawv ntug thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm kub nce. Khaws cov khoom ua haujlwm kub hauv qab li 100 ° C thaum txiav kom txo qis thermal distortion.

Tool Path Strategy: Climb for Roughing, Pas to Finishing

Roughing yuav tsum ua kom cov khoom tshem tawm ntau tshaj plaws, yog li nce milling yog nyiam. Kev ua tiav xav tau qhov tseeb thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw; cov pa milling, qhov twg cov chip thickness txo qis rau xoom ntawm kev tawm, txo kev ua haujlwm hardening thiab pab txo qis deformation ntawm qhov kawg dhau.

Thib ob Clamping rau nyias -Walled Parts

Thaum clamping quab yuam yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm distortion, loosen lub clamp ua ntej qhov kawg ua tiav kom qhov chaw tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau nws cov duab zoo, tom qab ntawd rov qab-clamp maj mam nrog lub zog siv rau ntawm qhov chaw txhawb nqa thiab nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm siab rigidity. Lub clamp yuav tsum tuav qhov tsis dhau - txwv nws; qhov no yog ib qho txuj ci uas cov neeg ua haujlwm txhim kho nrog kev xyaum, tab sis nws ntseeg tau txo cov clamping -induced deformation.

Laum Ua ntej Milling Cavities

Plunging lub milling cutter ncaj qha mus rau hauv cov khoom siv hauv cov kab noj hniav rog chips rau hauv qhov chaw kaw, ntxiab txiav cov cua sov thiab tuaj yeem ua rau thermal expansion, cuab yeej chipping los yog tawg. Laum lub qhov pilot tsis me tshaj li lub taub txiav ua ntej, ces nkag mus rau hauv lub qhov nrog lub cutter thiab zeb sab nraud. Cov kauj ruam yooj yim no txhim kho nti khiav tawm thiab tiv thaiv cov phab ntsa nyias.

FAQ

Vim li cas nyias nyias - cov phab ntsa aluminium deform ntau dua li cov hlau?

Aluminium muaj kwv yees li peb zaug ntawm thermal expansion ntawm steel thiab txog ib tug -thov peb, yog li ntawd, tib lub tshav kub thiab clamping quab yuam ua loj elastic thiab thermal deflections nyob rau hauv nyias seem.

Puas yog kev kho cua sov ua ntej machining tshem tawm deformation?

Kev laus lossis kev ntxhov siab-kev kho mob txo qis kom kaw- hauv kev ntxhov siab hauv qhov khoob, uas tshem tawm ib qho ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, tab sis nws tsis tuaj yeem them nyiaj rau kev txiav cov cua sov, clamping quab yuam lossis cov cuab yeej hnav. Nws yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog cov machining ntsuas saum toj no.

Dab tsi spindle ceev thiab pub yog ib yam rau txhuas siab -ceev milling?

Tsis muaj ib lo lus teb vim nws nyob ntawm alloy, cutter txoj kab uas hla thiab tshuab rigidity; Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog kom txo qis qhov tob ntawm kev txiav, nce pub rau ib tus hniav thiab nce spindle ceev thaum saib xyuas cov xim nti thiab qhov kub thiab txias. Txiav tsis yuav tsum tau validated ntawm qhov tseeb.

Puas yog nce milling lossis cov pa milling zoo dua rau kev ua tiav txhuas?

Rau kev ua tiav tiav uas xav tau qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw, cov pa milling txo cov kev ua haujlwm hardening thiab ntug breakout ntawm nyias ntu; nce milling tseem yog qhov kev xaiv rau roughing vim tias cov khoom tshem tawm ntau dua.

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj paub yog tias cov cuab yeej hnav ua rau deformation?

Saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias nce, rougher nto tiav, squealing los yog chatter, thiab qhov chaw uas ntsuas txawv ntawm qhov programmed qhov ntev. Flank hnav tshaj li ntawm 0.2 hli ntawm aluminium cutters yog ib qho kev txhim khu kev qha los ntsuas cov cuab yeej.

Puas tuaj yeem deformation tau kwv yees ua ntej machining?

Yog, rau qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Finite caij simulation ntawm txiav quab yuam thiab clamping, los yog ib tug yooj yim mus sib hais ntawm ib tug neeg sawv cev dawb paug, txheeb xyuas qhov tseem ceeb distortion hom thaum ntxov. Rau nyias- cov phab ntsa, ib txwm siv cov qauv thiab ntsuas nws tom qab unclamping ua ntej cog lus rau batch ntau lawm.