Corrosion Resistance Ntawm Titanium hauv Inorganic Acids

Feem ntau hais lus, titanium hauv oxidizing nruab nrab (xws li nitric acid, chromic acid, hypochlorite thiab perchloric acid, thiab lwm yam) corrosion kuj zoo dua, thiab txo cov kua qaub (xws li dilute sulfuric acid tov, hydrochloric acid tov, thiab lwm yam), vim mus rau kev puas tsuaj ntawm passivity ntawm oxide zaj duab xis, tus nqi corrosion kuj ceev, thiab nrog rau qhov kub thiab siab concentration. Hauv kev txo cov kua qaub, qhov sib ntxiv ntawm cov ntsev hlau hnyav tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv corrosion, titanium-palladium alloy TA9 (Ti-0.2Pd) thiab titanium-nickel-molybdenum alloy TA10 (Ti-0). 3Mo-0.8Ni) dua li corrosion kuj ntawm industrial titanium ntau dua.

Titanium yog cov khoom siv hlau zoo tshaj plaws rau nitric acid tov khoom cua sov. Titanium kub exchanger tiv taus 193 degree txog 60% ntawm nitric acid, siv ntau xyoo tsis muaj corrosion. Nyob rau hauv lub boiling 40% thiab 68% ntawm nitric acid, pib ntawm ib co corrosion, tom qab ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm tom qab lub titanium passivity rov qab, corrosion tus nqi poob ho, tej zaum yuav muaj feem xyuam rau corrosion inhibition ntawm titanium ions.

Nyob rau hauv kub kub nitric acid, titanium corrosion kuj nyob ntawm purity ntawm nitric acid. Nyob rau hauv kub siab ntshiab nitric acid tov los yog nitric acid vapor, thaum lub concentration ntawm nitric acid nyob rau hauv 20% ~ 60% thaum corrosion yog pom tseeb. Ntau yam hlau ions txawm tias cov ntsiab lus tsawg heev, xws li Si, Cr, Fe, Ti, thiab lwm yam, kuj yuav tsum ua kom qeeb ntawm corrosion ntawm titanium hauv kub nitric acid tov. Nyob rau hauv kub kub nitric acid tov, titanium tshaj stainless hlau qhia muaj zog corrosion kuj. Titanium corrosion khoom (Tif +), yog ib qho zoo heev corrosion inhibitor rau nitric acid corrosion.

Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub hauv huab cua sulfuric acid, industrially ntshiab titanium tsuas yog tiv taus sulfuric acid daws tsawg dua 5%; Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias poob mus txog li 0 degree, sulfuric acid concentration tuaj yeem nce mus rau 20%. Yog hais tias qhov kub thiab txias yog nce mus rau boiling, qhov concentration ntawm sulfuric acid tseem yuav corrode txawm tias nws txo mus rau 0.5%. Nyob rau tib qhov kub, sulfuric acid tov rau hauv nitrogen, titanium corrosion tus nqi yog ho ntau dua li cov huab cua. Txoj cai corrosion no nyob rau hauv lwm yam kev txo cov inorganic acid yog qhov pib zoo ib yam.

Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, muaj ntshiab titanium tuaj yeem tiv taus 7% ntawm cov tshuaj hydrochloric acid hauv qab no, qhov kub thiab txias ua rau corrosion kuj txo qis. Titanium-nickel-molybdenum alloys tuaj yeem tiv taus 9% ntawm hydrochloric acid tov, thiab titanium-palladium alloys tuaj yeem ncav cuag 27%. High-valent hnyav hlau ions, xws li hlau, npib tsib xee, tooj liab, molybdenum, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem txhim kho corrosion kuj ntawm titanium, uas yog vim li cas vim li cas titanium tau ntse siv hauv hydrochloric acid systems hauv hydrometallurgical kev lag luam.

Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, industrially ntshiab titanium yog resistant rau phosphoric acid daws txog li 30%. Raws li qhov kub nce mus txog 60 degree, qhov concentration poob mus txog li 10 feem pua. Nyob rau ntawm qhov kub ntawm 100 degree, qhov concentration ntawm phosphoric acid tsuas yog khaws cia ntawm li 2%, thiab thaum kub nce mus txog boiling, corrosion ntawm titanium tsis nrawm.