Tshuaj Refining Ntawm Tantalum

Tantalum ores feem ntau muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm niobium, yog li ob qho tib si yog refined thiab muag. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem hydrometallurgical pib nrog drenching, qhov twg cov ore yog raus hauv hydrofluoric thiab sulfuric acids los tsim cov dej-soluble hydrofluorides. Qhov no cais cov tantalum los ntawm ntau yam tsis yog xim hlau impurities.

Ta2O5 + 14 HF → 2 H2[TaF7] + 5 H2O
Nb2O5 + 10 HF → 2 H2[NbOF5] + 3 H2O
Tantalum thiab niobium hydrofluoride tuaj yeem muab rho tawm los ntawm cov kua dej los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj extraction; cov organic solvents xws li cyclohexanone thiab methyl isobutyl ketone. Cov kauj ruam no tshem tawm cov dej-soluble fluoride los ntawm ntau yam hlau impurities (xws li hlau, manganese, titanium, zirconium). Tantalum tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm niobium los ntawm kev kho cov pH. Niobium xav tau cov kua qaub ntau dua kom yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic, yog li nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm yooj yim nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic tsawg. Cov dej ntshiab tantalum hydrofluoride ntxiv, thaum nruab nrab nrog ammonia, tsim tantalum hydroxide (Ta (OH) 5), uas thaum calcined tsim tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5).

H2[TaF7] + 5 H2O + 7 NH3 → Ta(OH)5 + 7 NH4F
2 Ta(OH)5 → Ta2O5 + 5 H2O
Tantalum hydrofluoride kuj tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog potassium fluoride los tsim cov poov tshuaj heptafluorotantalate (K2 [TaF7])

H2[TaF7] + 2 KF → K2[TaF7] + 2 HF
Nws reacts nrog sodium nyob rau hauv ib tug molten ntsev ntawm ib ncig ntawm 800 degree nyob rau hauv ib tug txo cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ua tantalum hlau.

K2[TaF7] + 5 Na → Ta + 5 NaF + 2 KF
Ib txoj hauv kev ua ntej ntawm kev sib cais ntxiv cov poov tshuaj fluoride rau kev sib xyaw ntawm hydrofluoride hauv cov txheej txheem hu ua Demarinya txheej txheem.

H2[TaF7] + 2 KF → K2[TaF7] + 2 HF
H2[NbOF5] + 2 KF → K2[NbOF5] + 2 HF
K2 [TaF7] thiab K2 [NbOF5] yog li tsim muaj cov dej sib txawv, yog li lawv tuaj yeem sib cais siv txoj kev sib cais crystallization.