Titanium Alloy: Rau Lub Luag Haujlwm Loj Cov Kws Ua Haujlwm Yuav Tsum Paub

Dab tsi txhais tau tias Titanium Alloy

Lub titanium alloy yog titanium alloyed nrog cov ntsiab lus xws li txhuas, vanadium, molybdenum, tin, thiab zirconium los kho lub zog, nkag siab, thiab tus cwj pwm corrosion. Kev tswj tsis huv yog qhov tseem ceeb: oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, thiab hydrogen yog cov khoom sib txuam uas nws cov ntsiab lus, teev tias qhov siab tshaj plaws hauv ASTM B265 thiab GB / T 3621, txav qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog thiab ductility. Rau lub zog tswj hwm kev txiav txim siab engineering, thiab txhua qhov ua rau tsim qhov tsim nyog.

1. Muaj zog tshwj xeeb

Titanium alloys muaj qhov ntom ntom ntawm 4.43-4.51 g / cm3, kwv yees li 60% ntawm cov hlau, thaum qib siab - muaj zog tshaj qhov tensile lub zog ntawm ntau yam steels. Ti-6Al-4V nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem annealed qhia qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile zog ntawm 895 MPa thiab tawm los ntawm 828 MPa ib ASTM B265. The strength-to-density ratio sits above aluminum alloys and most steels, which is why titanium is used for aircraft engine parts, frames, skins, fasteners, and landing gear where every kilogram is budgeted.

2. Thermal Strength

Titanium alloys khaws cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias qhov twg aluminium alloys soften. Alpha-beta alloys xws li Ti-6Al-4V yog siv txog li 350-400℃hauv kev pabcuam ntev, thiab ze-alpha alloys xws li Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo ua haujlwm ntawm 450-540℃. Aluminium alloys poob lawv qhov zoo dua 150 degree, yog li cov compressor thiab cov pa tawm hauv cov cav txav mus rau titanium lossis npib tsib xee alloys thaum ua haujlwm kub nce.

3. Corrosion Resistance

Titanium tsim ib qhov ntom ntom, nws tus kheej- kho oxide zaj duab xis uas passivates saum npoo hauv oxidizing, nruab nrab, thiab me ntsis txo cov xov xwm. Nws tiv taus dej hiav txwv, chlorides, nitric acid, organic acids, thiab alkalis zoo dua stainless hlau nyob rau hauv feem ntau chloride ib puag ncig, thiab nws tsis raug kev txom nyem pitting thiab crevice nres uas txwv austenitic stainless hlau nyob rau hauv marine kev pab cuam. Cov zaj duab xis regenerates nyob rau hauv milliseconds thaum puas, uas yog vim li cas titanium khoom nyob rau hauv chlor-alkali thiab desalination nroj tsuag khiav mus rau ntau xyoo lawm. Qhov tshwj xeeb yog txo cov xov xwm xws li kub hydrochloric lossis sulfuric acid, qhov twg palladium-cov kabmob (Qib 7) lossis molybdenum-nickel (Qib 12) alloys tau teev tseg.

4. Tsawg-Tsub Toughness

Tsis zoo li cov pa roj carbon steel, titanium tsis ua nkig ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Alpha alloys nrog cov ntsiab lus qis qis, xws li Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, khaws ductility thiab toughness mus rau -253 degree, thiab titanium yog cov khoom siv rau cov hlab ntsha cryogenic, LNG khoom, thiab foob pob ua ntxaij propellant tso tsheb hlau luam. Cov neeg tsim qauv siv tib tsev neeg hlau ntawm -253℃thiab ntawm 500 degree, uas yooj yim rau kev tsim nyog.

5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv siab heev

Titanium yog tshuaj lom neeg ntawm qhov kub siab: siab tshaj li 600℃nws absorbs oxygen thiab nitrogen los ntawm huab cua, tsim ib qho nyuaj, brittle alpha rooj plaub; hydrogen pickup ua rau hydride embrittlement. Cov txiaj ntsig rau kev tsim khoom yog pob zeb: kev ua haujlwm kub thiab vuam xav tau tswj cov huab cua lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv alpha ua ntej kev pabcuam, thiab sib tsoo sparks ntawm titanium tuaj yeem ignite. Cov kev txwv no, tsis yog cov khoom siv tus nqi, tsav ntau tus nqi ntawm titanium.

6. Tsawg Thermal Conductivity thiab Elastic Modulus

Titanium ua cua sov ntawm li 15-17 W / (m·K) ntawm chav tsev kub, kwv yees li ib - tsib ntawm hlau thiab ib - kaum plaub ntawm txhuas, thiab nws cov elastic modulus yog li ib nrab ntawm cov hlau. Qhov qis conductivity concentrates txiav cov cua sov ntawm lub cuab yeej, xav tau carbide tooling thiab coolant; qhov qis modulus txhais tau hais tias siab dua springback hauv kev tsim thiab qis zog hauv cov khoom sib luag. Cov neeg tsim qauv them nyiaj nrog seem geometry es tsis xav tias tus cwj pwm zoo li steel.

FAQ

Dab tsi yog qhov melting point ntawm titanium?

Ntshiab titanium melts ntawm 1668 degree. Alloying ntsiab hloov lub solidus me ntsis; Ti-6Al-4V melts nyob ib ncig ntawm 1600-1660 degree, yog li melting thiab vuam xyaum yog txhais tau zoo hauv qab no kub.

Vim li cas titanium kim rau tshuab?

Nws cov thermal conductivity tsis tshua muaj cua sov ntawm qhov txiav, nws ua haujlwm - hardens, thiab nws reacts nrog cov khoom siv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov no ua rau qeeb txiav nrawm, cov tshuab tsis zoo, cov dej txias txias, thiab cov cuab yeej hloov pauv ntau zaus.

Puas yog titanium corrode hauv dej hiav txwv?

Tsis yog. Cov zaj duab xis oxide passive ua rau titanium zoo tiv thaiv dej hiav txwv corrosion, nrog rau pitting thiab crevice nres ntawm ambient kub, uas yog vim li cas nws yog tus qauv rau marine heat exchangers thiab offshore piping.

Dab tsi yog alpha rooj plaub hauv titanium?

Cov ntaub ntawv alpha yog cov pa oxygen- thiab nitrogen-enriched tawv txheej txheej tsim thaum titanium yog rhuab nyob rau hauv huab cua saum toj no roughly 600℃. Nws yog nkig thiab yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm machining lossis tshuaj milling ua ntej qhov chaw nkag mus rau kev pabcuam.

Cov qauv twg qhia cov khoom titanium alloy?

Cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb yog ASTM B265 (daim ntawv, sawb, thiab phaj), ASTM B348 (bar thiab billet), ASTM B338 thiab B861 (tub thiab yeeb nkab), GB / T 3621 (Suav phaj thiab ntawv), thiab ISO 5832 rau cog alloys, txhua tus nrog chemistry thiab tensile tables.