Cov khoom ntawm Titanium Alloys

Titanium yog ib yam tshiab ntawm hlau, titanium zog thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen thiab lwm yam impurities, lub purest titanium iodide impurity ntsiab lus tsis ntau tshaj 0.1%, tab sis nws lub zog yog tsawg, siab plasticity. 99.5% industrial ntshiab titanium zog yog: ceev ρ=4.5g/cm3, lub melting point ntawm 1800 degree C, coefficient ntawm thermal conductivity λ=15.24W / (mK), tensile lub zog ntawm σb=539MPa. Elongation δ=25%, seem shrinkage ψ=25%, modulus ntawm elasticity E=1.078 × 105MPa, hardness HB195.

(1) Lub zog tshwj xeeb

Titanium alloy ntom yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv 4.5g / cm3 los yog li ntawd, tsuas yog 60% ntawm steel, ntshiab titanium zog ze rau lub zog ntawm zoo tib yam steel, ib co high-zog titanium alloys ntau tshaj li ntau alloy structural steel zog. Yog li ntawd, lub zog tshwj xeeb ntawm titanium alloys (lub zog / ntom) yog ntau dua li lwm cov khoom siv hlau, saib Table 7-1, tuaj yeem tsim lub zog siab, zoo rigidity, lub teeb yuag thiab cov khoom siv. Tam sim no lub dav hlau cav Cheebtsam, pob txha, tawv nqaij, fasteners thiab tsaws iav, thiab lwm yam yog siv titanium alloys.

(2) Siab thermal zog

Kev siv qhov kub thiab txias tshaj li cov aluminium alloy ob peb puas degrees siab dua nyob rau hauv nruab nrab qhov kub thiab txias tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj zog, tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv qhov kub ntawm 450-500 degree kev ua haujlwm mus sij hawm ntev ntawm ob hom titanium alloys hauv qhov ntau. ntawm 150 degree mus rau 500 degree tseem muaj lub zog tshwj xeeb, thiab aluminium alloy ntawm 150 degree dua li lub zog ntawm qhov pom tseeb poob. Kev ua haujlwm kub ntawm titanium alloy tuaj yeem ncav cuag 500 degree, aluminium alloy yog qis dua 200 degree.

(3) Zoo corrosion kuj

Titanium alloy nyob rau hauv cov huab cua ntub thiab dej hiav txwv media ua haujlwm, nws cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion yog zoo dua li stainless hlau; pitting, acid corrosion, kev nyuaj siab corrosion kuj muaj zog tshwj xeeb; alkali, chloride, chlorine organic khoom, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, thiab lwm yam muaj zoo heev corrosion kuj. Tab sis titanium muaj qhov txo qis oxygen thiab chromium ntsev media corrosion kuj tsis zoo.

(4) Kev ua haujlwm kub tsis zoo

Titanium alloy nyob rau hauv qis kub thiab ultra-tsawg kub, tseem tuaj yeem tswj nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, qhov sib txawv yog qhov tsawg heev titanium alloy, xws li TA7, nyob rau hauv -253 degree kuj tseem tuaj yeem tswj tau qee qib ntawm plasticity. Yog li ntawd, titanium alloy kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis.

(5) Cov tshuaj lom neeg zoo heev

Titanium cov tshuaj ua haujlwm, thiab cov huab cua O, N, H, CO, CO2, dej vapor, ammonia thiab lwm yam tshuaj muaj zog. Cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua 0.2%, yuav tsim TiC nyuaj hauv titanium alloys; kub dua, thiab N lub luag hauj lwm tseem yuav tsim TiN tawv txheej txheej; nyob rau hauv 600 degree los yog ntau tshaj, titanium absorbs oxygen los ua ib tug hardened txheej ntawm siab hardness; hydrogen cov ntsiab lus nce, tab sis kuj tsim ntawm embrittlement txheej. Kev nqus ntawm cov pa thiab qhov ua rau cov tawv tawv tawv txheej txheej ntawm qhov tob txog li 0.1 ~ 0.15 hli, qhov degree ntawm hardening yog 20% ​​~ 30%. Titanium cov tshuaj affinity kuj yog loj, yooj yim los tsim adhesion nrog kev sib txhuam nto.

(6) me me thermal conductivity, me me modulus ntawm elasticity

Titanium's thermal conductivity λ=15.24W / (mK) yog li 1/4 ntawm npib tsib xee, 1/5 ntawm hlau, 1/14 ntawm txhuas, thiab ntau yam titanium alloys muaj thermal conductivity ntawm li 50% qis dua qhov ntawd. ntawm titanium. Lub modulus ntawm elasticity ntawm titanium alloy yog hais txog 1/2 ntawm cov hlau, yog li nws rigidity tsis zoo, yooj yim rau deform, tsis haum rau ua slender rods thiab nyias-walled qhov chaw, thiab lub rebound ntawm machined nto thaum txiav yog loj heev, li 2 mus rau 3 npaug ntau npaum li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, ua rau muaj kev sib txhuam hnyav, adhesion thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov cuab yeej tom qab lub tshuab txiav.

Titanium alloy muaj lub zog siab thiab qhov tsis tshua muaj zog, cov kws kho mob zoo, tawv thiab corrosion tsis zoo heev. Tsis tas li ntawd, titanium alloys muaj cov txheej txheem tsis zoo, kev txiav thiab kev ua haujlwm nyuaj, hauv kev ua thermal, yooj yim heev rau nqus cov impurities xws li hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen thiab carbon. Kuj tseem muaj kev puas tsuaj tsis zoo, cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yog complex. Lub industrialized zus tau tej cov titanium yog pib nyob rau hauv 1948. Cov kev xav tau ntawm lub aviation kev lag luam kev loj hlob, thiaj li hais tias cov titanium kev lag luam mus rau ib tug nruab nrab txhua xyoo kev loj hlob ntawm txog 8% kev loj hlob. Tam sim no, lub ntiaj teb cov khoom tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm titanium alloy ua cov ntaub ntawv tau mus txog ntau dua 40, 000 tons, titanium alloy qib ze li 30 hom. Feem ntau siv titanium alloy yog Ti-6Al-4V (TC4), Ti-5Al-2.5Sn (TA7) thiab industrial ntshiab titanium (TA1, TA2 thiab TA3).

Titanium alloys feem ntau yog siv los ua lub dav hlau lub cav compressor qhov chaw, ua raws li cov khoom siv rau cov foob pob hluav taws, cov cuaj luaj thiab cov dav hlau ceev ceev.Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab -1960s, titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau siv rau hauv kev lag luam dav dav los ua electrodes rau kev lag luam electrolysis, condensers rau fais fab chaw nres tsheb, cua sov rau roj av refineries thiab seawater desalination raws li zoo raws li ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug tswj pab kiag li lawm, thiab lwm yam. Titanium thiab nws alloys tau ua ib yam ntawm cov khoom resistant. Titanium thiab nws cov alloys tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv corrosion-resistant. Nws kuj tseem siv los tsim cov khoom siv hydrogen cia thiab cov duab nco alloys.