Cov khoom ntawm Tantalum: Lub cev, tshuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuab
Mar 08, 2024
Vim li cas Tantalum zaum hauv chav kawm ntawm nws tus kheej
Tantalum nqa atomic tooj 73 thiab ib lub hlau -grey lustre, thiab ob tus lej ua rau kev txiav txim siab yuav khoom. Thawj yog qhov melting point ntawm 2,980 degree, thib ob tsuas yog rau tungsten thiab rhenium ntawm cov hlau pauv hauv kev lag luam tonnage. Qhov thib ob yog qhov ceev ntawm 16.6 g / cm³, kwv yees li ob npaug ntawm cov hlau. Ob daim duab los ntawm tib lub lattice: ib lub cev -cented cubic cell nrog ib tug=0.3306 nm uas ua rau nws ductility mus rau −196℃thiab hauv qab no, es tsis txhob tig nkig txoj kev ferritic steels ua.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub khw hauv pem teb yog txawv. Tantalum ua hauj lwm- hardens sai sai, galls thaum nws rub tawm tsam nws tus kheej, thiab nqi txaus uas seem rov qab nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj ntau lawm es tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov khib nyiab. Daim ntawv, sawb, xaim thiab nyias - phab ntsa tube yog li cov ntawv xa khoom ib txwm muaj; cov seem hnyav yog qhov zam.
Lub cev muaj zog uas tsim qauv
| Khoom | Yam nqi | Qhov cuam tshuam rau kev tsim |
|---|---|---|
| Melting point | 2,980 degree | Siv tau rau crucibles thiab siab -kub liners |
| Boiling point | 5,458 degree | Tsawg vapor siab nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev pab |
| Qhov ntom | 16.6 g / cm³ | Qhov hnyav hnyav hauv cov khoom siv hauv huab cua |
| Crystal qauv | BCC, ib=0.3306 nm | Qhov kub thiab txias rau cryogenic |
| Elastic modulus | 186 GPA | Kos lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav- rov qab thaum tsim |
| Thermal conductivity | 57.5 W/(m·K) | Pab txhawb rau thermal shock kuj |
| Linear expansion, 20-100 degree | 6.3 × 10⁻⁶ /K | Kaw rau iav borosilicate, muaj txiaj ntsig hauv iav - rau - cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj |
| Hluav taws xob resistivity | 131 nΩ·m | Tus neeg xyuas pib tsis zoo txheeb ze rau tooj liab |
| Hardness | 6.5 hmo | Machinable nrog carbide tooling |
Qhov kev nthuav dav coefficient yog tsim nyog rau qhov thib ob saib. Tantalum sib tw borosilicate iav thiab ntau yam khoom siv ceramics zoo dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, uas yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tshwm nyob rau hauv ntim khoom noj - los ntawm thiab hauv chav kuaj iav khoom kho vajtse. Qhov qis modulus txheeb ze rau nws lub zog kuj txhais tau hais tias ib feem ntawm cov springs rov qab noticeably, yog li tuag radii feem ntau yog siab dav thiab multi-theem forming yog ntau.
Kev coj tus cwj pwm thiab cov kev txwv ntawm Oxide zaj duab xis
Tantalum yog tshuaj tawv tawv. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias tsuas yog fluorine, hydrofluoric acid, kua qaub cov ntsiab lus nqa cov fluoride ions thiab sulfur trioxide tawm tsam nws hauv qhov ua tau zoo. Nws kuj reacts nrog concentrated alkali daws thiab dissolves nyob rau hauv molten alkalis, thiab nws yog tawm tsam los ntawm muaj zog oxidising xov xwm ntawm siab kub. Nthuav tantalum pib oxidise maj mam siab tshaj 200℃, yog li siab - qhov kev pabcuam kub hu rau lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis qhov cua tsis zoo dua li huab cua. Tib oxide zaj duab xis uas muab cov hlau nws cov corrosion kuj yog vim li cas nws ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug capacitor anode cov ntaub ntawv, qhov twg nws yog zus txhob txwm tshaj tawm thiab precisely.
Gas nqus yog lwm ib nrab ntawm zaj dab neeg. Hydrogen, nitrogen thiab oxygen raug coj mus rau hauv 200-300℃ntau thiab tso tawm dua nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev ntawm 800-1,200 degree, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev annealing raws li cov kauj ruam purification. Tshaj li kwv yees li 300 degree, hydrogen pick- nce los ua qhov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev tsim, thiab kev ua haujlwm lub tshuab nqus tsev lossis lub qhov cub oxidising me ntsis yog qhov ntsuas tus qauv.
Cov ntaub ntawv siv tshuab thiab cov khoom siv hauv ASTM Specifications
Unalloyed tantalum yog tsim los ntawm UNS R05200. ASTM B365 npog pas nrig thiab hlau, ASTM B708 npog phaj, ntawv thiab sawb, thiab ASTM B521 npog seamless raj. Cov tungsten-cov kabmob wrought qib siv qhov kev nkag siab tseem ceeb tshaj qhov kev coj ua muaj npe xws li Ta-10W, UNS R05240. Rau kev cog hniav phais, kev tswj xyuas tshwj xeeb yog ASTM F560, uas caps oxygen ntawm 0.0150% thiab carbon ntawm 0.0100% thiab teeb tsa nruj nruj ntawm tus neeg txwv ntawm tungsten thiab niobium, vim tias qhov seem seem interstitial thiab hloov pauv cov ntsiab lus yog dab tsi tswj kev cog qoob loo mus sij hawm ntev.
Annealed unalloyed tantalum feem ntau xa 200-300 MPa tensile lub zog nrog elongation saum 25 %, thiab txias -draw hlau tuaj yeem raug thawb dhau los ntawm 700 MPa thaum kawg siv yog lub capacitor lead lossis filament kev txhawb nqa. Cov qib alloyed kev lag luam conductivity thiab formability rau lub zog: Ta-10W tseem nqa tau ntsuas load ntawm 1,650 degree, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm 80 MPa, uas yog vim li cas nws tshwm nyob rau hauv foob pob ua ntxaij nozzle liner thiab nyob rau hauv high-temperature structural inserts.
Qhov kev txiav txim yuav tsum tau Pin Down
Rau cov khoom siv tsis sib xws, daim ntawv pov thawj yuav tsum nqa tag nrho cov tshuaj ntsuam xyuas nrog rau cov pa roj sib txuas, cov txiaj ntsig tensile coj los ntawm daim ntawv tiav es tsis yog los ntawm cov ingot, thiab cov nplej loj. Rau hlau destined rau capacitor ntau lawm, txoj kab uas hla kam rau ua thiab saum npoo teeb meem ntau npaum li chemistry: ib qho khawb uas yuav ua kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub tshav kub -txoj raj xa mus ua ib qho kev tsis xws luag hauv anodised anode. Cov neeg yuav khoom xaj rau EN 10204 hom 3.1 yuav tsum paub meej tias tus neeg soj ntsuam daim ntawv pov thawj hais txog cov cua sov tshwj xeeb thiab cov ntawv xeem tiag tiag, thiab qhov ultrasonic lossis zas xim - kev tshuaj xyuas nkag tau raug hu tawm qhov twg yuav pom qhov kev pabcuam siab.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q:Vim li cas tantalum muab feem ntau yog cov ntawv nyias, xaim thiab cov raj me me?
A: Vim tias nws ua haujlwm- tawv sai thiab kim ib kilogram, yog li cov mills yob thiab kos nws los ntawm cov ntoo khaub lig me me - ntu uas tuaj yeem tsim thiab ua kev lag luam. Hnyav bar thiab loj forgings muaj tab sis nqa ib tug tseem ceeb nqi nplua.
Q:tantalum puas tuaj yeem siv hauv huab cua siab dua 300 degree?
A: Tsuas yog luv luv xwb. Nthuav tantalum pib oxidise maj mam siab tshaj 200℃thiab tus nqi nce sai nrog qhov kub thiab txias, yog li lub tshuab nqus tsev los yog inert- roj cua tau siv rau txhua qhov kev ncua ntev - qhov kub thiab txias.
Q:Yuav ua li cas tantalum piv nrog niobium rau cov nroj tsuag tshuaj?
A: Tantalum yog denser, kim dua thiab ntau dua corrosion resistant, thiab feem ntau yog xaiv rau lub siab aggressive acid lub luag hauj lwm. Niobium yog sib dua thiab pheej yig dua thiab siv qhov twg qhov kev tiv thaiv corrosion tsawg dua.
Q:Qhov txawv ntawm UNS R05200 thiab UNS R05240 yog dab tsi?
A: R05200 yog unalloyed tantalum. R05240 yog Ta-10W wrought alloy, uas muab ib co thermal thiab hluav taws xob conductivity nyob rau hauv pauv rau siab zog ntawm siab kub.
Q:Tus qauv twg siv rau tantalum rau kev cog qoob loo?
A: ASTM F560 npog unalloyed tantalum rau daim ntaub ntawv phais implants thiab teem interstitial thiab metallic impurity ceilings zoo hauv qab cov ntawm cov general - cov hom phiaj qib.
Q:Puas yog tantalum poob ductility ntawm qhov kub thiab txias?
A: Tsis yog. Lub cev -cented cubic qauv nyob twj ywm ductile ntawm −196℃thiab hauv qab no, uas yog vim li cas tantalum Cheebtsam yog siv nyob rau hauv cryogenic cov khoom uas ferritic steels yuav nkig.
