Cov nickel thiab lithium hauv cov roj teeb huv li cas?

Lithium (Li) thiab npib tsib xee (Ni) yog ob qho khoom siv tseem ceeb rau cov roj teeb, thiab lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm emission profiles. Daim duab no los ntawm Wood Mackenzie qhia tau hais tias nickel thiab lithium mining tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ib puag ncig, nyob ntawm cov txheej txheem rho tawm. Nickel emissions per extraction txheej txheem Nickel yog ib qho tseem ceeb hlau nyob rau hauv niaj hnub infrastructure thiab technology, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv stainless hlau thiab alloys. Nickel cov hluav taws xob conductivity kuj ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev yooj yim rau kev khiav ntawm hluav taws xob hauv cov roj teeb. Niaj hnub no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm nickel extraction: cov pob zeb tom qab, uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob hauv thaj chaw sov. Qhov no suav nrog qhib-qhov mining thiab yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov av ntau thiab overburden kom tau txais cov nickel nplua nuj ore. Los ntawm sulphide ores, nrog rau cov nickel-bearing sulfide minerals los ntawm underground los yog qhib-qhov mining deposits. Thaum cov nickel laterites suav txog 70 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov nickel reserves, magmatic sulphide deposits tau tsim 60 feem pua ​​​​ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov nickel reserves nyob rau hauv 60 xyoo dhau los. Sulphide mining feem ntau tso tawm tsawg dua cov pa roj carbon dioxide ib tonne ntawm npib tsib xee sib npaug tshaj li cov xuab zeb mining vim nws ua rau cov av tsis sib haum thiab muaj cov hneev taw me me.

Kev rho tawm cov npib tsib xee los ntawm cov xuab zeb tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig xws li deforestation, kev puas tsuaj thaj chaw thiab av yaig. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pob zeb tom qab feem ntau muaj cov dej noo siab thiab xav tau cov txheej txheem ziab kom qhuav los npaj lawv rau kev rho tawm ntxiv. Thaum mined, cov smelting ntawm cov xuab zeb yuav tsum muaj ntau lub zog, uas yog los ntawm fossil fuels. Thaum sulphide mining huv dua, nws nthuav tawm lwm qhov kev sib tw ib puag ncig. Cov mining thiab ua cov sulphide ores tso tawm sulfur compounds thiab cov hlau hnyav rau hauv ib puag ncig, uas, yog tias tsis tswj xyuas kom zoo, tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua qaub mine thiab dej paug. Tsis tas li ntawd, npib tsib xee sulphide feem ntau kim dua rau kuv vim nws cov pob zeb nyuaj. Lithium Emissions per Extraction Process Lithium yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov roj teeb uas siv tau hauv cov xov tooj ntawm tes, tsheb hybrid, tsheb kauj vab hluav taws xob thiab kab sib chaws-teev cia. Tam sim no, muaj ob txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm lithium extraction: Los ntawm brine, lithium-nplua nuj brine yog pumped los ntawm ib tug underground aquifer mus rau lub evaporation pas dej uas hnub ci zog evaporates dej thiab concentrates lithium cov ntsiab lus. Cov concentrated brine tau ua tiav ntxiv kom rho tawm lithium carbonate lossis hydroxide. Hard pob zeb mining, los yog rho tawm ntawm lithium los ntawm ores (tsuas yog lithium pyroxene) nyob rau hauv pegmatite deposits. Lub ntiaj teb no tus thawj coj lithium tsim, Australia (46.9 ib xees), rho tawm lithium ncaj qha los ntawm cov pob zeb nyuaj.
Brine extraction feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nrog ntsev flats, xws li Chile, Argentina thiab Tuam Tshoj. Nws feem ntau suav hais tias yog ib txoj kev siv nyiaj tsawg, tab sis nws tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig xws li kev siv dej, muaj peev xwm kis tau ntawm cov dej hauv zos thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm ecosystems. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem tso tawm tsawg dua cov pa roj carbon dioxide ib tonne ntawm lithium carbonate sib npaug (LCE) dua li cov mining.
Mining muaj xws li drilling, blasting thiab crushing cov ore, ua raws li los ntawm flotation kom cais cov lithium-bearing minerals los ntawm lwm yam minerals. Hom kev rho tawm no muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig xws li av cuam tshuam, kev siv hluav taws xob thiab tsim cov pob zeb pov tseg thiab cov tailings. Sustainable zus tau tej cov lithium thiab nickel Ib puag ncig lub luag hauj lwm kev coj ua nyob rau hauv lub extraction thiab ua cov nickel thiab lithium yog ib qho tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej lub sustainability ntawm lub roj teeb mov saw. Qhov no suav nrog kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig nruj, txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob, txo cov dej siv thiab tshawb xyuas cov thev naus laus zis huv. Kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua thiab kev txhim kho kev mob siab rau kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem rho tawm thiab txo qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb.