Automotive Titanium Alloy Parts: Ti-6Al-4V thiab Qib 2 rau ASTM B265 / B348

Dab tsi suav ua Automotive Titanium Alloy Part?

Automotive titanium alloy qhov chaw yog txoj kev- cov khoom siv tsheb ua los ntawm titanium es tsis yog los ntawm steel, aluminium lossis cam khwb cia hlau. Cov qeb suav nrog forged txuas rods, cav li qub thiab valve retainers, tso tubing thiab mufflers, ncua kev kawm ntawv springs, nres caliper pistons, fasteners, turbocharger compressor log, thiab structural brackets los yog roj teeb - pob thav duab ntawm electrified tsheb. Plaub pawg khoom siv tswj hwm kev siv tsheb: kev lag luam qib siab xws li Qib 2 (UNS R50400) thiab Qib 4 (UNS R50700); lub alpha-beta workhorse Ti-6Al-4V, xaiv Qib 5 (UNS R56400); nws qhov ntxiv - qis-interstitial variant Qib 23 (UNS R56407); thiab metastable beta alloys xws li Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr thiab Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al, uas yog xaiv thaum caij nplooj ntoos hlav-qib zog siab tshaj 1,200 MPa yuav tsum tau. Cov khoom zeb feem ntau raug txiav txim rau ASTM B348 rau cov tuav thiab forgings, ASTM B265 rau daim ntawv, sawb thiab phaj, thiab ASTM B338 rau welded lossis seamless raj.

Lub cev thiab cov cuab yeej cuab tam uas tsav tus qauv tsim

Yog vim li cas titanium tshwm nyob rau hauv kev ua tau zoo tsheb yog lub zog tshwj xeeb. Qib 2 muaj qhov ceev ntawm 4.51 g / cm3 thiab Qib 5 txog 4.43 g / cm3, tiv thaiv kwv yees li 7.85 g / cm3 rau carbon thiab qis- alloy steel, yog li kev hloov ncaj qha txuag ze li 43 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov khoom loj. Annealed Qib 5 mus txog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tensile lub zog ntawm 895 MPa nrog 828 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus tawm los, thaum coj mus muag ntshiab Qib 2 muab 344 MPa yam tsawg kawg nkaus tensile nrog zoo ductility. Lub elastic modulus ntawm titanium tsuas yog hais txog 102 mus rau 114 GPa, kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov hlau, yog li ib feem ntawm titanium uas phim cov hlau ib feem ntawm lub zog yuav deflect noticeably ntau; nruj, tsis muaj zog, nquag tswj qhov kev tsim kho dua tshiab.

Lwm cov khoom zoo tsim cov txheej txheem. Thermal conductivity yog tsawg ntawm 6.7 txog 7.2 W/m-K, yog li machining tshav kub concentrates ntawm qhov txiav ntug thiab kev sib txhuam pob qij txha kub. Cov coefficient ntawm thermal expansion yog 8.6 txog 9.7 um / m-K, qis dua aluminium, uas txo cov thermal mismatch hauv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Qhov ruaj khov passive titanium dioxide zaj duab xis ua rau muaj zog tiv thaiv chlorides, txoj kev ntsev, thiab acidic condensate pom nyob rau hauv cov pa tawm.

Qeb Sib piv Table

Rau kev siv, quenched thiab tempered low- alloy steel xws li AISI 4140 muaj qhov sib piv lub zog ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 7.85 g / cm3 thiab modulus nyob ze 205 GPa, uas yog vim li cas qhov kev txiav txim siab hloov pauv yog ib qho system- qib hnyav thiab tus nqi lag luam es tsis yog kev sib piv lub zog yooj yim.

Qhov twg Titanium Parts siv nyob rau hauv tsheb

Valvetrain:li qub, retainers thiab lub kaus mom caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv siab - cav ceev, qhov qis reciprocating huab hwm coj nce lub cav siv tau ceev ua ntej valve ntab.

Kev sib txuas rods:forged Ti-6Al-4V rods txo rotating thiab reciprocating loj nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau crank.

Exhaust systems:welded Qib 2 raj tso cai rau cov phab ntsa nyias dua li cov hlau tsis muaj steel rau lub neej sib npaug hauv condensate - kev pabcuam nplua nuj.

Suspension springs:beta titanium hlau xa tawm kwv yees li 40 feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov khoom txo qis tiv thaiv steel coil springs ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab mus ncig.

Powertrain thiab brake hardware:turbocharger compressor log, caliper pistons thiab siab - lub zog fasteners.

Electrified platforms:roj teeb- pob thav duab, cov ntaub thaiv npog hauv qab thiab cov qauv sib tsoo uas loj cuam tshuam rau ntau yam.

Machining, sib sau thiab koom sau ntawv

Titanium coj txawv txawv ntawm cov hlau hauv khw hauv pem teb, thiab cov teeb meem kev tsim khoom feem ntau rov qab mus rau peb qhov zoo: tsis tshua muaj thermal conductivity, tsis tshua muaj elastic modulus, thiab muaj zog zoo rau gall.

Machining:siv cov cuab yeej ntse, zoo-rake carbide tooling, nruab nrab txiav ceev thiab pub pub dawb kom cov cuab yeej hauv qab ua haujlwm- tawv tawv. Flood coolant yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias tshav kub tsis tuaj yeem khiav los ntawm cov nti lossis cov khoom ua haujlwm. Cov phab ntsa nyias nyias thiab cov pas nrig me me deflect, yog li txhawb nqa cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab cia siab tias lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav- rov qab los ntawm kev ua tiav. Khaws cov chips huv si thiab cais tawm vim tias kev nplua titanium yog qhov phom sij.

Kev tsim:chav-kub formability yog txwv rau alpha- qib beta. Kev sib sau txias yog qhov ua tau zoo rau kev lag luam cov ntawv ntshiab, thaum Ti-6Al-4V feem ntau yog kub tsim ntawm 600 thiab 750 C los yog zoo li tus superplastic forming thiab diffusion bonding.

Vuam:Gas tungsten arc vuam nrog siab -purity argon, ib daim ntaub thaiv kev taug qab, thiab kev tshem tawm sab nraub qaum tiv thaiv cov pa oxygen thiab nitrogen tuaj. Qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau degreased thiab oxide-dawb, thiab cov hlau tsis huv los ntawm cov pa roj carbon- cov txhuam hlau lossis cov khoom siv yuav tsum raug zam. Weld xim yog ib qho kev pom zoo: nyiaj los yog lub teeb straw tau txais, xiav lossis ntshav qhia tias muaj kab mob.

Kev xaiv ceev faj thiab cov kev xav tsis zoo

"Titanium yeej ib txwm yog cov lus teb lightest."Aluminium alloys, magnesium alloys thiab siab heev - steels muaj zog yog pheej yig dua ib kilogram; titanium them rov qab tsuas yog qhov txo qis, lub neej corrosion los yog siab dua - qhov kub thiab txias muaj peev xwm ua kom pom tseeb tus nqi ntawm cov khoom siv ntau zaus ntawm carbon steel.

"Qib 5 ua haujlwm txhua qhov chaw."Kev pabcuam txuas ntxiv saum toj li 350 txog 400 C hu rau ze rau -alpha lossis siab dua- qib kub titanium, vim creep tsis kam ntawm Ti-6Al-4V ntog sai.

"Titanium tiv thaiv txhua qhov nruab nrab."Hydrofluoric acid, fluoride-cov kev daws teeb meem thiab kub concentrated alkalis nres titanium, thiab hydrogen pickup saum toj no specification txwv ua rau embrittlement, uas yog vim li cas mill daim ntawv pov thawj tswj hydrogen ntawm 0.015 feem pua ​​siab tshaj.

"Steel tsim txoj cai hloov ncaj qha."Cov qauv qis qis hloov qhov tawv nqaij, buckling thiab qaug zog tus cwj pwm, yog li cov seem geometry, tsis yog cov khoom siv callout, yuav tsum hloov.

FAQ

Q: Dab tsi yog qib titanium ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov khoom siv tsheb?
Qib 5 (Ti-6Al-4V, UNS R56400) yog cov khoom siv muaj zog, thaum Qib 2 thiab Qib 4 cov khoom lag luam ntshiab yog siv rau cov pa thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion.

Q: Ntau npaum li cas qhov hnyav npaum li cas ntawm titanium yuav txuag tau?
Vim tias qhov ceev yog li 4.5 g / cm3 tiv thaiv 7.85 g / cm3 rau steel, ib qho zoo li - rau -zoo li ib feem yog ze rau 43 feem pua; cov rooj sib txoos tiag tiag txuag 30 mus rau 40 feem pua ​​​​thaum qhov tawv nqaij-tsav resizing suav nrog.

Q: Puas yog titanium welded tso tubing ruaj?
Yog lawm, muab vuam siv siab -purity argon shielding, lub vuam qhia tau txais ib qho xim nyiaj los yog straw xim, thiab phab ntsa tuab yog xaiv los ntawm kev tiv thaiv corrosion es tsis yog siab ib leeg.

Q: titanium puas tuaj yeem siv rau kev ncua kev ncua?
Beta titanium alloys xws li Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al yog siv rau cov springs vim hais tias lawv ncav cuag lub zog siab tom qab laus thaum tseem txias formable nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj kho mob.

Q: Vim li cas titanium tshuab thiaj li tsis zoo piv nrog hlau?
Tsawg thermal conductivity ntxiab cua sov ntawm ntug txiav, qhov qis modulus txhawb kev sib tham, thiab cov khoom galls tawm tsam cov cuab yeej; cov npoo ntse, nruj teeb thiab copious coolant chaw nyob tag nrho peb.

Q: Cov qauv dab tsi yuav tsum tau hais txog kev yuav khoom?
ASTM B348 rau bar thiab forging Tshuag, ASTM B265 rau daim ntawv thiab phaj, ASTM B338 rau raj, thiab muaj feem xyuam rau ISO 9001 los yog IATF 16949 zoo system rau automotive mov.